Канада Демографическая пирамида

# Explanation of Canada's Population Pyramid

Canada's population composition is transitioning from a "mature type" to an "aging type." As a developed nation, it exhibits typical characteristics: the working-age population (15-64 years old) comprises approximately 65-70% of the total, while the elderly population (aged 65 and above) is increasing rapidly. Particularly since the 2000s, the proportion of young people (aged 15-44) has shown a declining trend, with demographic aging progressing.

Regarding demographic trends, the natural increase rate is declining, and the birth rate remains at approximately 1.5, below the developed country average. However, through an active immigration acceptance policy, Canada has avoided population decline, and the total population continues to grow gradually. This immigrant inflow plays an important role in replenishing the young population and securing labor, partially offsetting the loss of demographic dividend.

The social and economic impacts are multifaceted. With aging, healthcare and pension expenditures increase, creating fiscal pressure. Conversely, labor supply from immigration alleviates declining working-age population. However, there is a need to respond to expanding demand for elderly care and medical services, with the efficiency of public expenditure becoming a challenge. Additionally, regional disparities are significant, with urban areas maintaining relatively larger young populations while rural areas experience accelerated aging, making region-specific policy responses essential.