Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни при рождении, всего (лет)

Life expectancy at birth is an indicator showing the expected average number of years a newborn is projected to live in a given year. It represents the statistical average remaining lifespan assuming current age-specific mortality rates remain unchanged in the future, and is one of the most basic and important indicators in population statistics.

There are multiple reasons why this indicator is important. First, it comprehensively reflects the health status and quality of life of the population, serving as a barometer of overall development levels in healthcare, nutrition, sanitation, and living conditions. Second, it serves as an important benchmark when evaluating public health policies and measuring the effectiveness of healthcare systems. Third, it is essential data for designing and examining the sustainability of social security systems such as pensions and health insurance. Additionally, it has value in understanding the development stage of each country through international comparison.

As a global trend, world life expectancy has increased significantly over the past 70 years. Developed countries have reached high levels in the late 70s to 80s, and Japan maintains world-leading life expectancy. Meanwhile, improvements are progressing in developing countries, although regional disparities still exist. It should be noted that in developed countries, the extension of life expectancy is approaching a plateau, and the gap between healthy life expectancy and overall life expectancy has become an apparent issue. Furthermore, changes in social structures due to aging and the corresponding economic and social challenges have become important policy issues for each country.