सूडान

Sudan Economic Profile

Sudan is a low-income country located in northeastern Africa with a population of approximately 43 million. The economic scale is limited with a GDP of approximately $30 billion, and per capita GDP is only approximately $700, making it one of the poorest countries in Africa. The core of the economy is the agricultural sector, with approximately 30-40% of the labor force engaged in it, accounting for approximately 30% of GDP. Major crops are sorghum, corn, and peanuts, with agricultural production heavily dependent on rainfall variations. Sudan was formerly known as an oil-producing country, with the oil industry contributing significantly to GDP, but with South Sudan's independence in 2011, approximately 75% of proven oil reserves became attributed to South Sudan, significantly reducing the current role of the oil industry.

Recent economic conditions have been extremely severe. Following the end of decades of authoritarian rule in 2019, economic reforms were pursued, but serious currency inflation has developed, with the Sudanese pound depreciating sharply. Additionally, from 2023 to 2024, power struggles within the military escalated into conflict, resulting in a state of internal war. This conflict has caused economic activity to stagnate significantly, infrastructure has been destroyed, and large numbers of internally displaced persons have resulted, deepening the humanitarian crisis. Food security has also deteriorated, with many citizens facing the threat of starvation.

Notable points include that first, political instability is the greatest macroeconomic risk, second, the necessity of economic diversification away from agricultural dependence is high, and third, international aid and improved investment environment are key to economic recovery. Economic recovery in Sudan is contingent upon ending the internal conflict and achieving political stabilization.